Neutral Sphingomyelinase 2 Is an Important Mediator of Cellular Stress Responses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (NSMase 2) belongs to the class of enzymes (EC.3.1.4.12) that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to form ceramide and phosphocholine. Recent studies have shown that the expression level and activity of NSMase 2 is altered upon exposure to a number of stressors, including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, tumor necrosis factor a, and anticancer drugs. This altered activity directly translates into changes in ceramide levels, which ultimately lead to the appropriate cellular response, such as growth arrest or apoptosis. Overall, this implies that NSMase 2 plays an important role in mediating the proper stress response, and inappropriate activation or inhibition of NSMase 2 could contribute to the development of pathological conditions such as cancer and endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we focus on recent findings in the field of NSMase 2−mediated cellular stress response.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".