Some further analogies between the Bak-Sneppen model for biological evolution and the spring-block earthquake model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In recent years, a great deal of attention has been devoted to so-called self-organized critical (SOC) systems, which are open, extended systems that organize themselves into steady metastable states without any temporal- or spatial-predominant scale (except those imposed by the finite size of the system). The SOC concept has been used to describe the statistical properties of several physical systems through numerical models based on cellular automaton. In particular, Bak and Sneppen proposed a SOC model for biological evolution at the level of entire species or faunas that exhibit punctuated equilibrium behavior. On the other hand, Olami, Feder and Christensen suggested that a two-dimensional spring-block earthquake model can explain some properties of real seismicity. In this paper, we show that there exist several further interesting analogies between these SOC models, besides those remarked on by other authors. Both of them exhibit punctuated equilibrium in the long term, which leads us to suggest an equivalent characterization of seismic and "evolutionary" provinces through the long-term slopes of the stair-shaped graphs of cumulative activity in the course of time. PACS Nos.: 91.30P, 05.65, 87.23
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".