Age Differences in Leisure Physical Activity by Adult Wheelchair Users
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Despite the need for engagement in occupations to enhance physical health and well-being, individuals with mobility limitations are less likely to participate in leisure-time physical activity. Purpose: This secondary analysis evaluated the correlation of intrinsic and extrinsic contextual factors to leisure-time physical occupations in individuals with mobility limitations. Methods: The study examined a sample of 123 noninstitutionalized wheelchair recipients; the participants were primarily white (62%), male (92%), and aged (mean age = 64.8, SD = 13). Findings: Separate multivariate models were developed for younger and older wheelchair users to explore how intrinsic and extrinsic factors related to hours of leisure-time physical activity. For individuals aged 26–64, education (β = −0.42) and unpaid personal assistance (β = −0.80) were significant in the model, and for individuals ≥ 65, living alone (β = −0.27) was significant. Implications: Unpaid personal assistance has important effects on engagement in leisure-time physical occupations; however, its significance varies across age groups.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".