Malnutrition and Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Hospitalized Elderly Patients with and without Heart Failure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is highly prevalent among older subjects and it is associated with poor prognosis. HF frequently coexists with malnutrition. Objectives of our work were to assess nutritional status of old inpatients with and without HF and to study the association of malnutrition markers with echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function and geometry. We enrolled 165 patients (72 men, 93 women; mean age: 80±7 years) consecutively admitted to Cardiology ward of our geriatric research hospital. For all subjects we performed clinical examination, echocardiogram and laboratory tests. Nutritional status was assessed evaluating anthropometric and laboratory markers of malnutrition (BMI ≤ 24 kg/m2 and/or serum albumin ≤ 3.2 g/dL). We found high prevalence of HF (67.3%) and malnutrition (28.5%). Mean serum albumin and mean BMI were 3.6±0.5 g/dL and 25.8±5.2 kg/m2 respectively. T-Student tests showed lower values of serum albumin in patients with HF compared with patients without HF (3.5±0.6 g/dL vs 3.7±0.4 g/dL; p:0.043). Conversely BMI values were not significantly different. We found significant association between serum albumin and ejection fraction (EF) of left ventriculum (r:0.311; p:0.001). An independent correlation between EF and serum albumin was confirmed by multivariate analysis (β:0.301; p:0.027). Our study highlights that malnutrition is common among elderly inpatients with HF. Lower albumin was associated with worse systolic left ventricular function. Efforts should be made in the research setting to better understand the pathophysiology of malnutrition in HF and to identify useful management strategies for nutritional assessment and supplementation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".