Localization of the PE methylation pathway and SR-BI to the canalicular membrane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To better understand the regulation of biliary phospholipid and cholesterol excretion, canalicular membranes were isolated from the livers of C57BL/6J mice and abundant proteins separated by SDS-PAGE and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. A prominent protein revealed by this analysis was betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT). This enzyme catalyzes the first step in a three-enzyme pathway that promotes the methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) the of the canalicular the of the enzyme in this and the enzyme of the the of the canalicular that a in canalicular membranes methylation and revealed the and the the canalicular a in cholesterol the in biliary cholesterol a in canalicular in the phospholipid and promotes the of phospholipid and cholesterol the To better understand the regulation of biliary phospholipid and cholesterol excretion, canalicular membranes were isolated from the livers of C57BL/6J mice and abundant proteins separated by SDS-PAGE and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. A prominent protein revealed by this analysis was betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT). This enzyme catalyzes the first step in a three-enzyme pathway that promotes the methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) the of the canalicular the of the enzyme in this and the enzyme of the the of the canalicular that a in canalicular membranes methylation and revealed the and the the canalicular a in cholesterol the in biliary cholesterol a in canalicular in the phospholipid and promotes the of phospholipid and cholesterol the of the biliary and a and in the and the from the by the of by the This a biliary of and cholesterol and of biliary the of the in biliary phospholipid and cholesterol by in a in biliary phospholipid and cholesterol of the a of phospholipid from and This that a that the canalicular and from the the a in biliary phospholipid the of cholesterol that biliary phospholipid a in the of cholesterol the biliary cholesterol and phospholipid by in mice and of in the of and and of and promotes biliary cholesterol and of this a in biliary cholesterol that was a in phospholipid that of cholesterol phospholipid a biliary cholesterol of cholesterol and in mice the of biliary and that the of the of biliary excretion, canalicular membranes from the livers of C57BL/6J mice were isolated and abundant proteins separated by SDS-PAGE and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass of the proteins identified was the enzyme betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT). This enzyme catalyzes the first in a pathway that promotes the methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) the of and revealed the enzyme that catalyzes the step in this that the canalicular that canalicular of and and the of canalicular membranes and revealed the of a in cholesterol from the canalicular the biliary a in canalicular in and promotes phospholipid and cholesterol the C57BL/6J were from and of were in a and a and and canalicular and membranes were isolated by a of the by and the canalicular from the the in livers were and were livers were a and of livers in of of a were and a of was a of and the were a the and the were and canalicular the was and were in of of a and was in of of a in a and by the was was in a a of and the was and the was in of in a and was and and the in a a a of protein and a the livers from mice of canalicular first was separated and and and and was in of in a and a of and the the and was and was in and was in a and a of protein and A of of was in of by of a was and the of the was and was and was in and canalicular of protein were a was protein of C57BL/6J was cholesterol and biliary cholesterol in and biliary proteins were isolated of were in of the and the in of was the and the in of and the was in and protein the protein and of biliary proteins canalicular were in of and a and were in a and a and was the proteins were a in and of of of in the and by and protein separated by SDS-PAGE were by of were and the A protein were a and mass of the were protein in the protein the mass To the protein from were by mass a in mass and the protein mass and were in and in in were and in in was were of and and the were the of and and were the were from the a the were a and a laser were and a and was and of the and in were a of were the and of the isolated canalicular and that canalicular membranes in canalicular from the the in this was in and canalicular and and of the canalicular membranes that were and in and To was the canalicular and the the in the canalicular and in by that the canalicular isolated the in this of in the canalicular were of canalicular and were SDS-PAGE and the in in the the canalicular protein in this and were in and of the and were by and protein the of the and in canalicular the of a enzyme that catalyzes the of a from betaine was the of and the in in canalicular a in a in of in and and protein of and of and canalicular were a and in and homocysteine and were mass analysis in and and in analysis of canalicular proteins by by SDS-PAGE SDS-PAGE SDS-PAGE betaine homocysteine mass SDS-PAGE in a of and phosphatidylethanolamine in and and in of and in and catalyzes the first step in a pathway that promotes the methylation of was the of this in the and the canalicular the in canalicular a in and in in and and in the of and the of that of protein that the canalicular in the canalicular membranes of that the revealed a that the the the canalicular membranes in the of and the of proteins that the canalicular that the the canalicular and was in that a and of a phosphatidylethanolamine A and a in the that the in the biliary canalicular the proteins and the of revealed the of the biliary protein in the of and canalicular and in and laser and protein by and and of that in biliary cholesterol mice in biliary cholesterol of the and cholesterol cholesterol a that cholesterol and by in of cholesterol from protein and cholesterol by in of cholesterol from protein and cholesterol in that in the canalicular the and the of and in membranes that and from membranes that by in a of and the of proteins that the canalicular that this in the of cholesterol the biliary and of and were SDS-PAGE and in and the the a protein and of and canalicular and in and laser and protein by and and of the the canalicular from was isolated the first and was the of the This enzyme catalyzes the first step in a three-enzyme pathway that promotes the methylation of a biliary of canalicular membranes the of enzyme that catalyzes the step in the of and the of the canalicular revealed the of in canalicular and were by that the methylation pathway in the canalicular and phospholipid and cholesterol A of this pathway in of canalicular and biliary cholesterol this the of the canalicular catalyzes the of a from betaine homocysteine the of this a that a and a canalicular methylation of by of from the the and of and the canalicular in the phospholipid promotes the of canalicular cholesterol biliary of phospholipid the in the the phospholipid and of phospholipid This phospholipid from by pathway in and by the methylation in betaine a homocysteine a from that the pathway of of the pathway and phosphatidylethanolamine methylation and the methylation and and of biliary in mice of in the the that and and canalicular in in the of of and the of biliary that the the of the canalicular in biliary phospholipid of a pathway in the biliary phospholipid the by the of by the of phospholipid the and mice and in phospholipid of phospholipid in the by regulation by phospholipid that biliary phospholipid and cholesterol the biliary phospholipid by a biliary cholesterol of the a of phospholipid from and cholesterol phospholipid a that a cholesterol C57BL/6J mice biliary cholesterol excretion, and this was by in biliary phospholipid cholesterol and biliary cholesterol in in that the of cholesterol the of biliary of and promotes biliary cholesterol and of that the canalicular of from in this in phospholipid of in the of in and and and that in of the canalicular and by this enzyme a and of a phosphatidylethanolamine A and a in by that protein of phosphatidylethanolamine in the canalicular by in canalicular and of phospholipid methyltransferase in canalicular from of that in mice revealed in biliary phospholipid of the phosphatidylethanolamine the in that in the of the methylation pathway was a in the of the the methylation pathway of phospholipid a in the of canalicular a biliary phospholipid that the pathway the canalicular the of the in the the and canalicular membranes A the the of the canalicular in and mice and biliary cholesterol excretion, of the and cholesterol cholesterol a that cholesterol promotes of cholesterol and of the and cholesterol and and cholesterol in in that the and and the canalicular by in of cholesterol from protein and cholesterol that canalicular in the of a protein that the that and that the canalicular of in the protein in To the in the that the canalicular in of cholesterol by the in the canalicular a in biliary cholesterol that a in the of cholesterol in a of cholesterol and phospholipid promotes cholesterol the in the the canalicular and biliary the of cholesterol from the of the canalicular the in that a in the of cholesterol the of and in mice in biliary cholesterol that the of the pathway the of cholesterol the and a in cholesterol from the the of the canalicular a in the of cholesterol from the and in the canalicular in the that and in the methylation of canalicular that this the of biliary that the canalicular and that of the of the of cholesterol the of the regulation of this the that biliary phospholipid and cholesterol of the biliary and a and in the and the from the by the of by the This a biliary of and cholesterol and of biliary the of the in biliary phospholipid and cholesterol by in a in biliary phospholipid and cholesterol of the a of phospholipid from and This that a that the canalicular and from the the a in biliary phospholipid the of cholesterol that biliary phospholipid a in the of cholesterol the biliary cholesterol and phospholipid by in mice and of in the of and and of and promotes biliary cholesterol and of this a in biliary cholesterol that was a in phospholipid that of cholesterol phospholipid a biliary cholesterol of cholesterol and in mice the of biliary and that the of the To of biliary excretion, canalicular membranes from the livers of C57BL/6J mice were isolated and abundant proteins separated by SDS-PAGE and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass of the proteins identified was the enzyme betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT). This enzyme catalyzes the first in a pathway that promotes the methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) the of and revealed the enzyme that catalyzes the step in this that the canalicular that canalicular of and and the of canalicular membranes and revealed the of a in cholesterol from the canalicular the biliary a in canalicular in and promotes phospholipid and cholesterol the C57BL/6J were from and of were in a and a and and canalicular and membranes were isolated by a of the by and the canalicular from the the in livers were and were livers were a and of livers in of of a were and a of was a of and the were a the and the were and canalicular the was and were in of of a and was in of of a in a and by the was was in a a of and the was and the was in of in a and was and and the in a a a of protein and a the livers from mice of canalicular first was separated and and and and was in of in a and a of and the the and was and was in and was in a and a of protein and A of of was in of by of a was and the of the was and was and was in and canalicular of protein were a was protein of C57BL/6J was cholesterol and biliary cholesterol in and biliary proteins were isolated of were in of the and the in of was the and the in of and the was in and protein the protein and of biliary proteins canalicular were in of and a and were in a and a and was the proteins were a in and of of of in the and by and protein separated by SDS-PAGE were by of were and the A protein were a and mass of the were protein in the protein the mass To the protein from were by mass a in mass and the protein mass and were in and in in were and in in was were of and and the were the of and and were the were from the a the were a and a laser were and a and was and of the and in were a C57BL/6J were from and of were in a and a and and C57BL/6J were from and of were in a and a and and canalicular and membranes were isolated by a of the by and the canalicular from the the in livers were and were livers were a and of livers in of of a were and a of was a of and the were a the and the were and canalicular the was canalicular and membranes were isolated by a of the by and the canalicular from the the in livers were and were livers were a and of livers in of of a were and a of was a of and the were a the and the were and canalicular the was and were in of of a and was in of of a in a and by the was was in a a of and the was and the was in of in a and was and and the in a a a of protein and a the livers from mice of canalicular and were in of of a and was in of of a in a and by the was was in a a of and the was and the was in of in a and was and and the in a a a of protein and a the livers from mice of canalicular first was separated and and and and was in of in a and a of and the the and was and was in and was in a and a of protein and A of first was separated and and and and was in of in a and a of and the the and was and was in and was in a and a of protein and A of of was in of by of a was and the of the was and was and was in of by of a was and the of the was and was and was in and canalicular of protein were a was was in and canalicular of protein were a was protein of C57BL/6J was cholesterol and biliary cholesterol in and biliary proteins were isolated of were in of the and the in of was the and the in of and the was in and protein the protein of C57BL/6J was cholesterol and biliary cholesterol in and biliary proteins were isolated of were in of the and the in of was the and the in of and the was in and protein the protein and of biliary proteins canalicular were in of and a and were in a and a and was the proteins were a in and of of of in the and by and of biliary proteins canalicular were in of and a and were in a and a and was the proteins were a in and of of of in the and by and protein separated by SDS-PAGE were by of were and the A protein were a and mass of the were protein in the protein the mass To the protein from were by mass a in mass and the protein mass protein separated by SDS-PAGE were by of were and the A protein were a and mass of the were protein in the protein the mass To the protein from were by mass a in mass and the protein mass and were in and in in were and in in was were of and and the were the of and and were the were from the a the were a and a laser were and a and was and of the and in were a were in and in in were and in in was were of and and the were the of and and were the were from the a the were a and a laser were and a and was and of the and in were a of were the and of the isolated canalicular and that canalicular membranes in canalicular from the the in this was in and canalicular and and of the canalicular membranes that were and in and To was the canalicular and the the in the canalicular and in by that the canalicular isolated the in this of in the canalicular were of canalicular and were SDS-PAGE and the in in the the canalicular protein in this and were in and of the and were by and protein the of the and in canalicular the of a enzyme that catalyzes the of a from betaine was the of and the in in canalicular a in a in of in and and analysis of canalicular proteins by by SDS-PAGE SDS-PAGE SDS-PAGE betaine homocysteine mass SDS-PAGE in a of and phosphatidylethanolamine in and and in of and in and catalyzes the first step in a pathway that promotes the methylation of was the of this in the and the canalicular the in canalicular a in and in in and and in the of and the of that of protein that the canalicular in the canalicular membranes of that the revealed a that the the the canalicular membranes in the of and the of proteins that the canalicular that the the canalicular and was in that a and of a phosphatidylethanolamine A and a in the that the in the biliary canalicular the proteins and the of revealed the of the biliary protein in the of and canalicular and in and laser and protein by and and of that in biliary cholesterol mice in biliary cholesterol of the and cholesterol cholesterol a that cholesterol and by in of cholesterol from protein and cholesterol by in of cholesterol from protein and cholesterol in that in the canalicular the and the of and in membranes that and from membranes that by in a of and the of proteins that the canalicular that this in the of cholesterol the biliary and of and were SDS-PAGE and in and the the a protein and of and canalicular and in and laser and protein by and and of A of were the and of the isolated canalicular and that canalicular membranes in canalicular from the the in this was in and canalicular and and of the canalicular membranes that were and in and To was the canalicular and the the in the canalicular and in by that the canalicular isolated the in this of in the canalicular were of canalicular and were SDS-PAGE and the in in the the canalicular protein in this and were in and of the and were by and protein the of the and in canalicular the of a enzyme that catalyzes the of a from betaine was the of and the in in canalicular a in a in of in and and betaine homocysteine mass spectrometry. catalyzes the first step in a pathway that promotes the methylation of was the of this in the and the canalicular the in canalicular a in and in in and and in the of and the of that of protein that the canalicular in the canalicular membranes of that the revealed a that the the the canalicular membranes in the of and the of proteins that the canalicular that the the canalicular and was in that a and of a phosphatidylethanolamine A and a in the that the in the biliary canalicular the proteins and the of revealed the of the biliary protein in the that in biliary cholesterol mice in biliary cholesterol of the and cholesterol cholesterol a that cholesterol and by in of cholesterol from protein and cholesterol by in of cholesterol from protein and cholesterol in that in the canalicular the and the of and in membranes that and from membranes that by in a of and the of proteins that the canalicular that this in the of cholesterol the biliary the the canalicular from was isolated the first and was the of the This enzyme catalyzes the first step in a three-enzyme pathway that promotes the methylation of a biliary of canalicular membranes the of enzyme that catalyzes the step in the of and the of the canalicular revealed the of in canalicular and were by that the methylation pathway in the canalicular and phospholipid and cholesterol A of this pathway in of phospholipid the in the the phospholipid and of phospholipid This phospholipid from by pathway in and by the methylation in betaine a homocysteine a from that the pathway of of the pathway and phosphatidylethanolamine methylation and the methylation and and of biliary in mice of in the the that and and canalicular in in the of of and the of biliary that the the of the canalicular in biliary phospholipid of a pathway in the biliary phospholipid the by the of by the of phospholipid the and mice and in phospholipid of phospholipid in the by regulation by phospholipid that biliary phospholipid and cholesterol the biliary phospholipid by a biliary cholesterol of the a of phospholipid from and cholesterol phospholipid a that a cholesterol C57BL/6J mice biliary cholesterol excretion, and this was by in biliary phospholipid cholesterol and biliary cholesterol in in that the of cholesterol the of biliary of and promotes biliary cholesterol and of that the canalicular of from in this in phospholipid of in the of in and and and that in of the canalicular and by this enzyme a and of a phosphatidylethanolamine A and a in by that protein of phosphatidylethanolamine in the canalicular by in canalicular and of phospholipid methyltransferase in canalicular from of that in mice revealed in biliary phospholipid of the phosphatidylethanolamine the in that in the of the methylation pathway was a in the of the the methylation pathway of phospholipid a in the of canalicular a biliary phospholipid that the pathway the canalicular the of the in the the and canalicular membranes A the the of the canalicular in and mice and biliary cholesterol excretion, of the and cholesterol cholesterol a that cholesterol promotes of cholesterol and of the and cholesterol and and cholesterol in in that the and and the canalicular by in of cholesterol from protein and cholesterol that canalicular in the of a protein that the that and that the canalicular of in the protein in To the in the that the canalicular in of cholesterol by the in the canalicular a in biliary cholesterol that a in the of cholesterol in a of cholesterol and phospholipid promotes cholesterol the in the the canalicular and biliary the of cholesterol from the of the canalicular the in that a in the of cholesterol the of and in mice in biliary cholesterol that the of the pathway the of cholesterol the and a in cholesterol from the the of the canalicular a in the of cholesterol from the and in the canalicular in the that and in the methylation of canalicular that this the of biliary that the canalicular and that of the of the of cholesterol the of the regulation of this the that biliary phospholipid and cholesterol the the canalicular from was isolated the first and was the of the This enzyme catalyzes the first step in a three-enzyme pathway that promotes the methylation of a biliary of canalicular membranes the of enzyme that catalyzes the step in the of and the of the canalicular revealed the of in canalicular and were by that the methylation pathway in the canalicular and phospholipid and cholesterol A of this pathway in of phospholipid the in the the phospholipid and of phospholipid This phospholipid from by pathway in and by the methylation in betaine a homocysteine a from that the pathway of of the pathway and phosphatidylethanolamine methylation and the methylation and and of biliary in mice of in the the that and and canalicular in in the of of and the of biliary that the the of the canalicular in biliary phospholipid of a pathway in the biliary phospholipid the by the of by the of phospholipid the and mice and in phospholipid of phospholipid in the by regulation by phospholipid that biliary phospholipid and cholesterol the biliary phospholipid by a biliary cholesterol of the a of phospholipid from and cholesterol phospholipid a that a cholesterol C57BL/6J mice biliary cholesterol excretion, and this was by in biliary phospholipid cholesterol and biliary cholesterol in in that the of cholesterol the of biliary of and promotes biliary cholesterol and of that the canalicular of from in this in phospholipid of in the of in and and and that in of the canalicular and by this enzyme a and of a phosphatidylethanolamine A and a in by that protein of phosphatidylethanolamine in the canalicular by in canalicular and of phospholipid methyltransferase in canalicular from of that in mice revealed in biliary phospholipid of the phosphatidylethanolamine the in that in the of the methylation pathway was a in the of the the methylation pathway of phospholipid a in the of canalicular a biliary phospholipid that the pathway the canalicular the of the in the the and canalicular membranes A the the of the canalicular in and mice and biliary cholesterol excretion, of the and cholesterol cholesterol a that cholesterol promotes of cholesterol and of the and cholesterol and and cholesterol in in that the and and the canalicular by in of cholesterol from protein and cholesterol that canalicular in the of a protein that the that and that the canalicular of in the protein in To the in the that the canalicular in of cholesterol by the in the canalicular a in biliary cholesterol that a in the of cholesterol in a of cholesterol and phospholipid promotes cholesterol the in the the canalicular and biliary the of cholesterol from the of the canalicular the in that a in the of cholesterol the of and in mice in biliary cholesterol that the of the pathway the of cholesterol the and a in cholesterol from the the of the canalicular a in the of cholesterol from the and in the canalicular in the that and in the methylation of canalicular that this the of biliary that the canalicular and that of the of the of cholesterol the of the regulation of this the that biliary phospholipid and cholesterol in this was by the of and a from the a of the and the of the and of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase phosphatidylethanolamine phosphatidylethanolamine
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".