Illusory continuity and masking: Evidence for an illusory tone percept through a notched noise.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two experiments measured the illusory continuity of a frequency glide through a noise burst. Expt. 1 used a 2I-2AFC procedure to measure detection of the (target) portion of the frequency glide that overlapped in time with the noise, as a function of noise level. The noise had a frequency notch around the frequency range of the target. The portions of the glide preceding and following the noise (flankers) could be present or absent. Performance at low- and intermediate-noise levels was poorer with present than with absent flankers (at high noise levels, performance was at chance for both conditions). This suggests that listeners either perceptually restored the missing target or that the presence of the flankers resulted in some informational masking of the target. In Exp. 2 listeners rated directly their perception of continuity of the frequency glide for the same flanker conditions of Exp. 1. When the target was absent, continuity ratings increased as noise level increased, and did not differ between intermediate- and high-noise levels. These results suggest that illusory continuity occurred when the noise level was not high enough to mask the target entirely.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".