Rapid human immunodeficiency virus disease progression is associated with human leukocyte antigen-B homozygocity and human leukocyte antigen-B51 in a cohort from Manitoba, Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is associated with variable rates of disease progression, influenced by the quality of CD8 T-lymphocyte response, which is determined by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) I alleles. Some individuals progress slowly and maintain viral control, while at the opposite end of the spectrum some individuals endure a faster progression with rapid CD4 decline. We sought to determine the role of HLA-B allele frequency on rapid HIV disease progression. It was hypothesized that rapid progression is associated with the presence of high allele frequency of HLA-B35 and HLA-B homozygocity. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Manitoba HIV Program, Health Sciences Centre, a tertiary care facility in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. We defined a set of new criteria to describe a subset of individuals with the most rapid HIV disease progression, and collected demographic, clinical, laboratory (CD4 count, viral load) and HLA data on a subset of 20 individuals meeting these criteria. RESULTS: Among those individuals who display extreme rapid progression, an overrepresentation of Aboriginal ethnicities, high frequencies of HLA-B35 and significantly higher rates of HLA-B51, as well as a very high rate of homozygocity for HLA-B alleles, were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with the most rapid disease progression have higher rates of HLA-B homozygocity, HLA-B51 alleles and higher viral loads than those with normal progression rates. This group, at the extreme end of the spectrum of progression, should be targeted for early treatment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it