Facile Preparation of Soy Protein/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Blend Fibers with High Mechanical Performance by Wet-Spinning
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using formic acid as a cosolvent and saturated sodium sulfate as a coagulation bath, soy protein/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend fibers were prepared using wet-spinning approaches. The structure and mechanical, thermal, and water-uptake properties of the spun fibers were investigated. Morphological analysis with polarized optical microscopy (POM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that spun PVA or blend fibers were composed of nanoparticles and exhibited a porous morphology. Blend fibers exhibited only one glass transition temperature in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms due to high compatibility between the two components. The best mechanical strength and thermal stability were achieved when 70% PVA was composited with soy protein. This was thought to be due to the effects of cross-linking and hydrogen bonding between functional groups of soy protein and PVA hydroxyl groups.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".