Integrative taxonomy of New World Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with focus on 55 new species from Area de Conservación Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica
Bibliographic record
Abstract
90 species of Euplectrus are treated: 55 newly described, all from Area de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG), and 35 previously described species, of which 20 occur in ACG. Three of the previously described species (Euplectrusbrasiliensis Ashmead, Euplectrushircinus (Say), Euplectrusronnai (Brèthes)) have unknown status, owing to missing or severely damaged type material. The new species, all authored by C. Hansson, are: Euplectrusalejandrovalerioi, Euplectrusalexsmithi, Euplectrusalvarowillei, Euplectrusandybennetti, Euplectrusandydeansi, Euplectrusannettewalkerae, Euplectrusbillbrowni, Euplectrusbobwhartoni, Euplectruscarlosarmientoi, Euplectruscarlrettenmeyeri, Euplectruscharlesmicheneri, Euplectruscharlesporteri, Euplectruschrisdarlingi, Euplectruschrisgrinteri, Euplectruscorriemoreauae, Euplectrusdaveroubiki, Euplectrusdavesmithi, Euplectrusdavidwahli, Euplectrusdianariasae, Euplectrusdonquickei, Euplectruseowilsoni, Euplectrusgarygibsoni, Euplectrusgavinbroadi, Euplectrusgerarddelvarei, Euplectrushenrytownesi, Euplectrushowelldalyi, Euplectrushugokonsi, Euplectrusiangauldi, Euplectrusjacklonginoi, Euplectrusjesusugaldei, Euplectrusjimwhitfieldi, Euplectrusjjrodriguezae, Euplectrusjohnheratyi, Euplectrusjohnlasallei, Euplectrusjohnnoyesi, Euplectrusjosefernandezi, Euplectruslubomirmasneri, Euplectrusmarkshawi, Euplectrusmikegatesi, Euplectrusmikeschauffi, Euplectrusmikesharkeyi, Euplectrusninazitaniae, Euplectruspammitchellae, Euplectruspaulhansoni, Euplectruspaulheberti, Euplectruspaulhurdi, Euplectrusphilwardi, Euplectrusrobbinthorpi, Euplectrusronaldzunigai, Euplectrusroysnellingi, Euplectrusscottshawi, Euplectrussondrawardae, Euplectrussydneycameronae, Euplectrusvictoriapookae, Euplectruswonyoungchoi. The species are described or redescribed, and thoroughly and uniformly illustrated, and included in two identification keys, one for females and one for males. Lectotypes are designated for eight species: Euplectruscatocalae Howard (♂), Euplectrusjunctus Gahan (♀), Euplectrusleucotrophis Howard (♂), Euplectrusmarginatus Ashmead (♀), Euplectruspachyscaphus Girault (♀), Euplectrusplatyhypenae Howard (♂), Euplectrussemimarginatus Girault (♀), Heteroscapusronnai Brèthes (♂). One synonym is established: Euplectruswalteri Schauff is a junior synonym of Euplectrustestaceipes (Cameron). Brief image notes and host records are provided on the natural history of the wasps as well as the details of their morphology. Hosts are known for 74 Euplectrus species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".