Airborne CH<sub>2</sub>O measurements over the North Atlantic during the 1997 NARE campaign: Instrument comparisons and distributions
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Airborne CH 2 O measurements were acquired by tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) and coil/2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine (CDNPH) techniques over remote regions of the North Atlantic Ocean from the surface to 8 km during the North Atlantic Regional Experiment (NARE‐97) in September of 1997. There were eight aircraft flights when both instruments were simultaneously operating, producing 665 overlapping time intervals for comparisons. A number of approaches were used in the comparisons, and indicated that on average both instruments measured identical ambient CH 2 O concentrations to within 0.1 ppbv, and more typically within 0.08 ppbv, over the 0 to 0.8 ppbv‐concentration range. However, significant differences, larger than the combined 2σ total uncertainty estimates, were observed in 29% of the full time‐coincident data set. The two instruments produced very similar altitude trends. Under clean background conditions in the 35° to 55°N latitude band, the median TDLAS and CDNPH CH 2 O concentrations were 0.399 and 0.410 ppbv for 0–2 km, 0.250 and 0.355 ppbv for 2–4 km, and 0.217 and 0.280 ppbv for 4–8 km, respectively. Elevated CH 2 O concentrations were observed in this study at both high altitudes (4–8 km) and in the marine boundary layer by both instruments. Thus vertical transport of CH 2 O and/or its precursors may provide a greater contribution to upper tropospheric HO x than previously thought. The results of this study, which are based upon instruments employing entirely different measurement principles, calibration, and sampling approaches, not only reinforce this conclusion but also provide a high‐quality database necessary to further explore CH 2 O measurement‐model relationships in the clean background atmosphere.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it