Electrochemical Surface Plasmon Resonance Investigation of Dodecyl Sulfate Adsorption to Electroactive Self-Assembled Monolayers via Ion-Pairing Interactions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The redox-induced assembly of amphiphilic molecules and macromolecules at electrode surfaces is a potentially attractive means of electrochemically modulating the organization of materials and nanostructures on solid substrates via ion-pairing interactions or charge-transfer complexation. In this regard, we have investigated the potential-induced adsorption and aggregation of dodecyl sulfate, a common anionic surfactant, at a ferrocenylundecanethiolate (FcC11SAu) self-assembled monolayer (SAM)/aqueous solution interface by electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (ESPR) spectroscopy. The surfactant anions adsorb onto the electroactive SAM by specific ion-pairing interactions with the oxidized ferricinium species. The ferricinium charge density (QFc+) obtained by cyclic voltammetry and surface coverage measured by SPR indicate that the dodecyl sulfate forms an interdigitated monolayer, where half of the surfactant molecules have their sulfate headgroups paired to the surface and half have their headgroups exposed to the aqueous solution. The surface coverage of dodecyl sulfate was found to depend on both the ferricinium surface concentration and the surfactant aggregation state in solution. A maximum coverage of dodecyl sulfate on the ferricinium surface is obtained below the critical micelle concentration (cmc), in contrast to dodecyl sulfate adsorption to SAM surfaces of static positive charge. This marked difference in adsorption behavior is attributed to the dynamic generation of ferricinium by potential cycling and the specific nature of the ion-pairing interactions versus pure electrostatic ones. The results presented point to a new way of organizing molecules via electrical stimulus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".