La procédure nécessaire pour modifier l'article 93 de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1867
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dans la présente étude, l'auteur tente de déterminer selon quelles modalités de la procédure de modification constitutionnelle prévue dans les articles 38 à 49 de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1982 pourraient être modifiées, en ce qui concerne le Québec, les dispositions de l'article 93 de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1867. On constatera que, s'il existe un certain nombre d'arguments en faveur de la thèse voulant que cet article puisse être modifié « bilatéralement » par le Québec et les autorités fédérales, d'autres arguments, par contre, pourraient amener à conclure que, en plus de l'accord du fédéral et du Québec, celui d'une ou de plusieurs autres provinces serait également requis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.022 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".