Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe high‐resolution (5‐km grid) linear‐dynamics and inverse models of Arctic Ocean barotropic tides obtained with the OSU Tidal Inversion Software (OTIS) package. The 8‐constituent dynamics‐based model uses the latest “IBCAO” bathymetry, and open boundary forcing from the recent TPXO.6.2 global barotropic tidal solution. This model performs significantly better than the present benchmark Arctic tidal model (14‐km grid) by Z. Kowalik and A. Proshutinsky, as judged by comparisons with ∼300 coastal tide gauges. The greatest improvements are found in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Nares Strait, and the Baffin Bay and Labrador Sea, and can be explained by the higher resolution of the new model in these topographically complex regions. The new Arctic inverse model assimilates coastal and benthic tide gauges and TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS altimetry for further improvements of the 4 dominant constituents M 2 , S 2 , K 1 and O 1 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".