Effect of Environmental and Material Conditions on SCC of Carbon Steels in High Temperature Water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A small number of cracking incidents have occurred in carbon steel outlet feeders of a CANDU® reactor. The cracks were initiated from both the inside and the outside surfaces of tight-radius cold bends. All cracks were intergranular. One plausible explanation for the inside surface initiated cracking is that it is caused by oxidizing water stress corrosion cracking. This mechanism has been studied extensively under boiling water reactor water chemistry (at neutral pH) conditions and the crack path for this kind of SCC is transgranular. It is not known whether the elevated pH in CANDU® primary water chemistry affects cracking behaviour, particularly electrochemical potential thresholds and crack path. Also, the possible effects of cold work have been investigated in the context of SCC of carbon steel in high temperature water. The pronounced cold work in the feeder bends has been identified as the main variable likely to affect the crack path. Based on the understanding of the feeder cracking incidents, an experimental program was carried out to address the effects of coolant pH, and cold work from feeder bending process during fabrication, on the SCC behaviour of carbon steels in the context of an oxidizing water SCC mechanism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".