Numerical modelling of convection in a reactive porous medium with a mobile mush–liquid interface
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe a series of numerical simulations of dissolution-driven convection in a reactive porous medium heated from above. The physical system consists of a porous medium made of the frozen component of a binary mixture that is immersed in a liquid mixture with which it is in thermodynamic equilibrium. Surface heating results in melting of the uppermost material which releases dense solute and drives compositional convection. An interface develops between the upper region, in which the solid matrix has completely melted, and a lower region, in which the frozen solute evolves. The interface descends as melting proceeds. During the numerical simulations, scaled to be similar to previous experiments using potassium nitrate crystals and their saturated aqueous solution (Hallworth, Huppert & Woods, J. Fluid Mech. vol. 535, 2004, p. 255), there are three distinct phases: a purely conductive phase; followed by a phase with very brief, intense, compositionally driven convection; followed by a prolonged phase of more sedate compositionally driven convection in which the average kinetic energy is roughly one order of magnitude less than during the intense early phase. The field equations and the numerical methodology are presented in addition to a simple analytical model for the rate of motion of the interface. The analytical model, valid in the limit of very rapid mixing of the solute, is shown to be in good agreement with the numerical results of purely conductive calculations with a large diffusion coefficient. We investigate solutions for various values of the Rayleigh number and quantify the degree of interface motion as a function of this parameter. These simulations may be particularly applicable to problems associated with post-cumulate processes in magma chambers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".