Distribution, nature, and origin of Neogene-Quaternary magmatism in the northern Cordilleran volcanic province, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The northern Cordilleran volcanic province encompasses a broad area of Neogene to Quaternary volcanism in northwestern British Columbia, the Yukon Territory, and adjacent eastern Alaska. Volcanic rocks of the northern Cordilleran volcanic province range in age from 20 Ma to ca. 200 yr B.P. and are dominantly alkali olivine basalt and hawaiite. A variety of more strongly alkaline rock types not commonly found in the North American Cordillera are locally abundant in the northern Cordilleran volcanic province. These include nephelinite, basanite, and peralkaline phonolite, trachyte, and comendite. The most MgO-rich nephelinites, basanites, and alkaline basalts from throughout the northern Cordilleran volcanic province show trace element abundances and isotopic compositions that are consistent with an asthenospheric source region similar to that for average oceanic island basalt and for post-5 Ma alkaline basalts from the Basin and Range. Our petrologic observations help constrain the origin of northern Cordilleran volcanic province magmatism as well as lithosphere changes between the four major basement terranes that underlie the province. Results from phase equilibria calculations and the spatial distributions of volcanic rock types and magmatic inclusions are more consistent with the existence of thicker lithosphere beneath Stikinia, which underlies the southern part of the northern Cordilleran volcanic province, than beneath the Cache Creek and Yukon-Tanana terranes, which underlie the northern part of the northern Cordilleran volcanic province. Our results support a model for initiation of northern Cordilleran volcanic province magmatism due to incipient rifting of the northern Cordillera, driven by changes in relative plate motion between the Pacific and North American plates ca. 15–10 Ma.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".