Virulence of oat crown rust [<i>Puccinia coronata</i>f. sp.<i>avenae</i>] in Canada during 2002–2006
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Crown rust of oat (Avena sativa) was generally light (trace to 10% severities) in Manitoba and eastern Saskatchewan during 2002–2004 and 2006 and was severe in 2005. By 21 July 2005, fields of “AC Assiniboia” and “Ronald” (with resistance genes Pc38, Pc39, and Pc68) near the buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) areas had 40%–80% crown rust severities. In mid-August, severities reaching 60%–100% were commonly observed in oat fields across Manitoba. Using 19 oat crown rust differentials, 59 races were identified in collections of isolates from wild oat (Avena fatua) in the eastern prairie region in 2002, 96 in 2003, 107 in 2004, 105 in 2005, and 76 in 2006. Forty-seven races (66.1% of the isolates) were virulent to Pc68 in 2006 compared with only two (1.2%) in 2002. Increased use of cultivars with Pc68, from 8% of the total area planted to oat in 1998 to >80% in 2006, resulted in a major shift in virulence to Pc68 in the prairie rust population. The frequency of virulence to Pc48 increased from 6.5% in 2002 to 27.0% in 2003. It then decreased to 3.2% in 2006. Isolates with virulence to Pc38 and Pc39 remained prevalent, representing 57.4%–92.7% of the isolates from wild oat during 2002–2006. Virulence to Pc96 ranged from 0.8%–5.7% from 2003–2006. Virulence to Pc91, a gene in “HiFi”, was identified in 2002 and 2003 (one isolate each). Differences in frequencies of virulence to several Pc genes were significant between isolates from wild oat and cultivated oat in some years. An isolate (BRBG-94), virulent to genes Pc68 and Pc94 in the newly released cultivar “Leggett”, was obtained from a line with Pc94 in a rust nursery near Emerson, Manitoba, in 2006.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".