Development of an Improved Chemical Model for the Estimation of CaSO<sub>4</sub> Solubilities in the HCl−CaCl<sub>2</sub>−H<sub>2</sub>O System up to 100 °C
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A self-consistent chemical model based on a single set of model parameters for all three CaSO 4 modifications namely, dihydrate, hemihydrate, and anhydrite was developed and described in this work. The model was successfully tested for the estimation of CaSO 4 solubilities in concentrated (up to 20 m) mixed HCl−CaCl 2 −H 2 O systems up to 100 °C. The new model makes use of the OLI Systems software platform. Via regression of experimental solubility data, new Bromley−Zemaitis model parameters were determined for the Ca 2+ −SO 4 2- and Ca 2+ −HSO 4 - ion pairs. Moreover, for the first time, the new model incorporates data for hemihydrate modification (CaSO 4 · 1 / 2 H 2 O). After validation, the model was calibrated by determining new temperature-dependent parameters of the solubility product constants of the hemihydrate and anhydrite. With the aid of the newly developed model, the bell-shaped solubility curves for dihydrate and anhydrite, as a function of HCl concentration, were successfully explained, based on the bisulfate ion formation and ion-activity coefficient.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it