The relationship between stem-galling wasps and mycorrhizal colonization of <i>Quercus turbinella</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
While numerous studies have examined the relationship between herbivory and mycorrhizal colonization, few studies have been undertaken on plant species such as oaks that can be dually colonized by both arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) and ectomycorrhizas (EM). We examined the relationship between insect herbivory by a stem-galling wasp (Cynipidae) and the mycorrhizal colonization of shrub live oaks ( Quercus turbinella Greene). We found that oaks with high numbers of galls had 2.4 times higher levels of branch die-back and were 2.3 times more water stressed than oaks with low numbers of galls. Oaks with high numbers of galls supported 21% higher levels of AM colonization but had 53% lower levels of EM colonization than oaks with low numbers of galls. In addition, AM colonization was positively correlated with the number of galls per tree, while EM colonization was negatively correlated with the number of galls per tree. These findings suggest that there is a dynamic relationship between stem-galling wasps and the AM and EM mutualists of shrub live oak.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".