Pancreatic Neoplasms in Childhood and Adolescence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pancreatic neoplasms are rare in children and adolescents; thus, our understanding of these tumors is still quite limited. We retrospectively reviewed clinical features and outcomes of all patients below 18 years of age with pancreatic neoplasms who were treated at Asan Medical Center between December 1994 and March 2010. Thirty-two patients were identified. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom. The median duration of diagnostic delay was 21 days. Nineteen patients were diagnosed with solid pseudopapillary tumors, 3 with lymphomas, 2 with pancreatoblastomas, 2 with poorly differentiated carcinomas, 2 with acinar cell cancers, 2 with endocrine tumors, 1 with peripheral (primitive) neuroectodermal tumor, and 1 with hemangioendothelioma. Gross complete resection of the primary tumor was achieved in 24 patients (75%), and 8 patients (25%) received chemotherapy. At a median follow-up of 34 months, the 5-year overall survival rate was 92.0 ± 5.5%. On multivariate analysis, histologic type was the only factor significantly predictive of survival (P=0.009). Patients with poorly differentiated carcinoma showed the worst survival probability. In cases of solid pseudopapillary tumors, surgical resection was generally curative and the prognosis was excellent. Patients with other malignant tumors, however, may require therapeutic strategies other than surgery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".