Inosculation of Tissue-Engineered Capillaries with the Host's Vasculature in a Reconstructed Skin Transplanted on Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The major limitation for the application of an autologous in vitro tissue-engineered reconstructed skin (RS) for the treatment of burnt patients is the delayed vascularization of its relatively thick dermal avascular component, which may lead to graft necrosis. We have developed a human endothelialized reconstructed skin (ERS), combining keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells (EC) in a collagen sponge. This skin substitute then spontaneously forms a network of capillary-like structures (CLS) in vitro. After transplantation to nude mice, we demonstrated that CLS containing mouse blood were observed underneath the epidermis in the ERS in less than 4 days, a delay comparable to our human skin control. In comparison, a 14-day period was necessary to achieve a similar result with the non-endothelialized RS. Furthermore, no mouse blood vessels were ever observed close to the epidermis before 14 days in the ERS and the RS. We thus concluded that the early vascularization observed in the ERS was most probably the result of inosculation of the CLS network with the host's capillaries, rather than neovascularization, which is a slower process. These results open exciting possibilities for the clinical application of many other tissue-engineered organs requiring a rapid vascularization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".