RXTE/PCA observations of Hercules X-1: New features of the orbital and 35-day folded light curves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hercules X-1 is a well-known and much studied X-ray binary. It is a 1.7 day eclipsing system and has a 35-day cycle consisting of consecutive high, low, short-high and low states. The cause of the cycle is understood to be changing obscuration of the line-of-sight to the neutron star by a warped accretion disk, which precesses with a 35 day period. All of the X-ray observations of Hercules X-1 taken with the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) instrument of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) satellite are analyzed. 35-day phase is determined using a study of RXTE All Sky Monitor data and verified with the PCA data. New orbital and 35-day folded light curves are presented. Absorption dips are identified and studied as a function of orbital and 35-day phase. The extensive RXTE/PCA data give a considerably better and different picture of the dip phenomena than previously possible.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".