Internal Auditory Canal: Pre- and Postnatal Growth
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the size and shape of the internal auditory canal (IAC) during development. STUDY DESIGN: The study was conducted in 98 dried temporal bones from 7-month-old fetuses to adults. Silicone mould casts of the IAC were used. METHODS: The length of the IAC was measured on the moulds corresponding four walls as the diameter on the fundus, middle portion, and porus. RESULTS: Although size and shape vary considerably among individuals, the data showed no significant differences between the right and left sides of the same individual. The values of the wall length and porus diameter increase as a function of age, especially for the upper wall and horizontal diameter. Both middle portion diameters suffer variations at different ages, increasing and decreasing until reaching the final shape. The diameter of the fundus, near the inner ear, remains stable. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that during development, the shape of the IAC adapts to cranial growth, with those of adults and fetuses having a similar shape but different dimensions, which was quite evident near the porus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".