Bibliographic record
Abstract
The accurate assessment or prediction of landslides in sensitive clays is not a straightforward task due to the complexity associated with understanding such material during the sliding process. There have, however, been several attempts to assess flow slide potentials by looking at certain aspects of sensitive clays, one of which is studying the energy involved in the disintegration of sensitive clays from an intact to a remoulded state. This energy is referred to as disintegration energy (DE). Here, an analytical approach is proposed to evaluate the DE of sensitive clays based on an integrated study of strength and stiffness properties of sensitive clays in intact and remoulded states. The proposed approach is illustrated by studying the DE involved in Norwegian landslides. In addition, the proposed equation is shown to be in line with an equation used for Canadian sensitive clays. Furthermore, this article attempts to illustrate that the extent of flow slides is related to the DE involved in sensitive clays using five selected Norwegian landslides. The study shows that the amount of required DE can be used to estimate the extent of landslides in soft sensitive clays.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".