Action observation and execution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is now well established that there exists a neuronal mechanism matching action perception and execution in the brain. Evidence for the existence of such a system comes primarily from studies in primates, where it has been shown that cells in premotor area F5 discharge when an individual performs a specific action and when it observes the same movement performed by others.1 In the human brain, evidence is indirect, and although no cortical recording studies have demonstrated the existence of these so-called “mirror neurons,”1 functional imaging studies have revealed activation of the likely homologue of monkey area F5 (Broca area) during action observation.2 Furthermore, magnetoencephalography3 and quantified EEG4 have shown activation of motor cortex during observation of finger movements. In this study, we report alpha rhythm patterns in functionally defined language and hand motor areas during execution and observation of simple finger movements in a patient with implanted subdural electrodes. The patient was a 19-year-old left-handed …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".