AFM Studies of the Effect of Temperature and Electric Field on the Structure of a DMPC−Cholesterol Bilayer Supported on a Au(111) Electrode Surface
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to characterize a phospholipid bilayer composed of 70 mol % 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 30 mol % cholesterol, at a Au(111) electrode surface. Results indicate that addition of cholesterol relaxes membrane elastic stress, increases membrane thickness, and reduces defect density. The thickness and thermotropic properties of the mixed DMPC-cholesterol bilayer supported at the gold electrode surface are quite similar to the properties of the mixed membrane in unilamellar vesicles. The stability of the supported membrane at potentials negative to the potential of zero charge E(pzc) was investigated. This study demonstrates that the bilayer supported at the gold electrode surface is stable provided the applied potential (E - E(pzc)) is less than -0.3 V. At larger polarizations, swelling of the membrane is observed. Polarizations larger than -1 V cause electrodewetting of the bilayer from the gold surface. At these negative potentials, the bilayer remains in close proximity to the metal surface, separated from it by a approximately 2 nm thick layer of electrolyte.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".