Strong Closed-Shell Interactions: Observed Formation of BaRg<sup>2+</sup> Molecules in the Gas Phase at Room Temperature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Closed-shell interactions between the rare gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe and the Ba 2+ dication (isoelectronic with Xe) have been explored both experimentally and computationally. Unprecedented observations are reported for the formation of the diatomic molecules BaHe 2+, BaAr 2+, BaKr 2+, and BaXe 2+ in helium bath gas at room temperature in a selected ion flow tube (SIFT) tandem mass spectrometer. The Ba 2+ dications were produced by electrospray ionization. Triatomic cations of the type Ba(Rg) 2 2+ also were recorded with Rg = Ar, Kr, and Xe. Experiment and theory demonstrate that the rate of formation of BaRg 2+ and the strength of the interaction between Rg and Ba 2+ increase with increasing polarizability of the rare gas atom.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".