Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine A Are of No Benefit to Young Rats with Kaolin-Induced Hydrocephalus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydrocephalus causes damage to periventricular axons. Tacrolimus, cyclosporine A (CsA) and calpain inhibitors have been shown to protect axons in rat models of acute traumatic brain injury. We hypothesized that these agents would ameliorate the axon damage and behavioral effects in experimental hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was induced in 3-week-old rats by injection of kaolin into the cisterna magna. Tests of cognitive and motor function were performed on a weekly basis. In a blinded and randomized manner, tacrolimus (FK506; 3.6 mg/kg body weight) or CsA (10 mg/kg) was administered once daily by subcutaneous injection for 2 weeks, beginning 2 weeks after induction of hydrocephalus. In a separate experiment, calpain inhibitor I (10 mg/kg/day) was administered by continuous subcutaneous infusion. The brains were subjected to histopathological and biochemical analyses after 2 weeks of treatment. There was no statistically significant protection in regard to behavior, brain structure or brain composition in any of the experiments. However, there was biochemical and histological evidence of renal injury following chronic tacrolimus and CsA administration. Calcineurin inhibition does not offer significant protection in this rat model of hydrocephalus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".