The mysterious affair of styles in the age of kine‐attractography
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the beginning, the kinematograph was intended to be a simple reproductive device for recording what lay before its lens, whether natural views or artificially arranged scenes. On the one hand were scenes whose unfolding owed nothing to the person recording them, and on the other scenes whose arrangement and unfolding were the responsibility of the camera operator or one of his adjuvants (director, actor, accomplice, stage manager, etc.). There were also occurrences when the camera operator simply filmed passively an artificially arranged scene, as if it were a natural view, before the putting into film – a previously composed work from a different sphere, a different cultural series than kinematography. In each case, the question of style is posed in a distinctly different manner. With kine‐attractography, a cultural series that was not yet seen to be an art form, we should ask ourselves from the outset if it is possible to speak of style per se. In other words, as long as kinematography was under the thumb of an apparatus that limited its field of action to the passive recording of scenes external to it, pure and simple, how could style be ‘sui‐generated’? Doesn’t common sense tell us that the style of such films was a borrowed style, a style pre‐formatted by the reality to which the scene being filmed already belonged, no matter what it was; a style pre‐determined by the cultural series to which the ‘package’ being filmed belongs? The authors of the present article maintain that there can be no question of a filmic style in the case of merely recording with the camera. At best, we are in the presence of a filmed style.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.041 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.018 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".