An intra- and inter-island study of the polytene chromosomes of <i>Simulium exasperans </i>(Diptera: Simuliidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The polytene chromosome banding pattern of Simulium exasperans (Craig, 1987) is described for the first time. Three populations of S. exasperans from Moorea and Tahiti were examined cytologically. Interspecific comparisons revealed that S. exasperans is homosequential in chromosomal banding pattern to Simulium cataractarum (Craig, 1987), but contains three species-characteristic floating inversions: IL-1ex.2ex, IIL-1ex,2ex, and IIIL-1ex. No sex-linked inversions were identified; males and females had undifferentiated sex chromosomes. The IIL-1ex,2ex inversion was in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium in two of the three populations. From this preliminary data, two cytotypes may exist: cytotype A (Belvedre Cascade population) and cytotype B (1st Afareaitu Cascade and Jardin Public Vaipahi populations). Contrary to phylogenetic and biogeographic data, it is hypothesized that the Belvedre Cascade population (cytotype A) is ancestral to the populations containing cytotype B. Furthermore, a heterozygote advantage may exist in cytotype B.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".