Analysis of beamformer configurations for DS-CDMA systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two different beamformer configurations for the base station receiver in direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) systems, namely, a chip-based and a symbol-based configuration, are studied. In the chip-based configuration, different interfering components are rejected based on the spatial distribution of their power. In the symbol-based configuration, spatial diversity is exploited after despreading and different interfering components are rejected based on their interfering strength, which depends on both their power and code correlation with the signal of interest. For the symbol-based configuration, more effort is applied to rejecting the interfering components with higher interfering strength, and thus, a more selective and efficient system is achieved. Detailed performance analysis and simulations show that in the presence of multiple-access interference, the symbol-based configuration can lead to a significant improvement in the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio relative to that achieved with the chip-based configuration for both asynchronous and synchronous DS-CDMA systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".