Ultrafast imaging of multielectronic dissociative ionization of CO<sub>2</sub>in an intense laser field
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Momentum vectors of fragment ions produced by the Coulomb explosion of CO 2 z + ( z = 3–6) in an intense laser field (∼50 fs, 1 × 10 15 W cm −2 ) are determined by the triple coincidence imaging technique. The molecular structure from symmetric and asymmetric explosion channels is reconstructed from the measured momentum vectors. The channel-dependent mean C–O bond length of ⟨ r ⟩ = 2.14–3.89 Å and the O–C–O bend angle of ⟨θ⟩ = 170–175° confirm substantial deformation of the molecular skeleton during the laser-molecule interaction. The channel-dependent bond length data are qualitatively described using a classical enhanced ionization model. The kinetic energy spectra reveal interesting structure which is attributed to the existence of excited states in the fragment ions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".