Determining the Critical Micelle Concentration of a Novel Lipid‐Lowering Agent, Disodium Ascorbyl Phytostanyl Phosphate (FM‐VP4), Using a Fluorescence Depolarization Procedure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of a novel water-soluble plant sterol derivative (FM-VP4) using a fluorescence depolarization method. The CMC was determined by 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) fluorescence depolarization. Test solutions of various concentrations of sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) as a positive control or FM-VP4 in water were spiked with 2 microL of 4 mM DPH in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and left overnight to equilibrate in a dark chamber. Fluorescence of each solution was measured at room temperature using a Perseptive Biosystems Cytofluor Series 4000 multi-well plate reader. Fluorescence intensity increases as DPH is incorporated into the hydrophobic core of micelles. Thus, the CMC is the value at which an abrupt increase in intensity is observed. These points were observed at 8 mM and 0.014 mM for SDS and FM-VP4, respectively. Sodium dodecylsulphate was used as a positive control and supports the validity of our results, as the literature values of SDS are reported to be between 8-8.3 mM. The CMC of FM-VP4 is reported to be 0.014 mM.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".