The origin of the resistance change in GeSbTe films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 (a-GST) films were deposited by ion beam sputtering deposition. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data confirmed the existence of the Ge–Ge homopolar bonds in the films. Raman spectra also indicated that the Ge tetrahedral coordination in the a-GST film disappeared after an annealing treatment above 220 °C. Resonantly excited Ge L2,3 x-ray emission spectra (which probe occupied Ge 3d4s-electronic states) show that the phase change from the amorphous to crystalline state is accompanied by a reduction in the Ge I(L2)/I(L3) intensity ratio due to a L2L3N Coster–Kronig transition, indicating that the number of carriers is increased in the Ge 4sp valence state. These findings constitute direct evidence for the contribution of the Ge electronic states to the resistivity change.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".