Trapped disturbances and finite amplitude downstream wavetrains on the f-plane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We consider the generation and evolution of finite amplitude internal waves over, and downstream of, small-amplitude topography. We demonstrate that in addition to a large amplitude, non-hydrostatic wave trapped over the topography, a finite amplitude wavetrain of Poincaré waves is generated. This wavetrain is nearly hydrostatic over the majority of its extent, but can lead to the generation of non-hydrostatic undular bores, weak shear instability, and large secondary solitary-like waves downstream. The secondary waves are non-hydrostatic, and unlike the undular bores, achieve steady state. For parameters corresponding to a high latitude, coastal ocean secondary waves are generated well over 100 km downstream of the topography. The hydrostatic Poincaré waves thus serve as a bridge for strong energy transfer from the forcing region to distant regions downstream.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".