Intratendinous Power Doppler Changes Related to Patient Position in Seronegative Spondyloarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seronegative spondyloarthropathy (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that includes a heterogeneous group of diseases such as psoriatic arthritis (PsA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), reactive arthritis, arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease, and undifferentiated SpA. Enthesis and tendon involvement are 2 important aspects of SpA1. There is strong evidence that demonstrates the role of ultrasound (US) with power Doppler (PD) technique and its higher sensitivity, compared to the clinical examination, in the detection of signs of entheseal involvement in both late and early stages2. One of its main limits is operator dependency. A minimal change in the transducer position or an erroneous setting can provide completely different information, easily leading to misinterpretations. The importance of the patient’s position during the US assessment has not been well studied3,4. We investigated the effect of this phenomenon at different enthesis levels in 4 patients with SpA. US images were obtained with a MyLab 70 XVG US system (Esaote Biomedica, Genoa, Italy) with a 6–18 MHz linear transducer B-mode frequency of 18 MHz and a Doppler frequency of 9.1 …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".