Determinants of Immediate Essential Newborn Care Practice in Eastern Rural Nepal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Neonatal mortality remains high in Nepal. Improvement in immediate essential newborn care practices such as "use of clean instrument to cut the umbilical cord ”, "drying and wrapping the baby before placenta was delivered”, "initiation of breastfeeding within an hour of delivery" and "first bathing of neonate after 24 hours of delivery" can reduce neonatal deaths. However, this can only be accomplished if factors associated with reduced neonatal mortality can be identified. A regional study was carried out with 252 randomly selected women having child aged 11 months or younger; of which about 70 percent, 18 percent and 20 percent had received delivery assistance with skilled birth attendant, trained health professional and untrained friend/relatives respectively. Skilled Birth Attendant appeared as the determinant of the use of clean instrument to cut the umbilical cord (OR=164.33), first bathing of neonate after 24 hours of delivery (OR= 5.14) and drying and wrapping the baby before placenta was delivered (OR= 50.75) whereas Trained Health Professionals turned out to be the determinant of the use of clean instrument to cut the umbilical cord (OR=3.81) and first bathing of neonate after 24 hours of delivery (OR=3.14) only (Reference: Untrained relatives/friends). Maternal age (OR= <20:10.59 and 20-30: 6.39; Ref: >30 years) and education (OR=Primary-21.81; Secondary-20.11; Ref-Higher) appeared the determinant of initiation of breastfeeding within an hour of delivery. The time gap between delivery and the mother receiving the baby was also significantly positively associated with initiation of breastfeeding within an hour of delivery. This result indicates the need to increase the coverage of health facilities which can provide SBA, empower women to involve a SBA in delivery and provide newborn care education to women and family members. In order to better understand how to decrease neonatal mortality, further study should focus on understanding why there were better newborn care practices in births assisted by a SBA than THPs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".