Twenty‐four‐month postradiation prostate biopsies are strongly predictive of 7‐year disease‐free survival
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of prostate biopsies that were obtained 24 months after the completion of radiotherapy (RT) with respect to disease-free survival (DFS) in a randomized trial that compared 3 months versus 8 months of neoadjuvant hormone therapy before conventional dose external RT. METHODS: From February 1995 to June 2001, 378 men were randomized to receive either 3 months or 8 months of combined flutamide and goserelin before they received 66 Gray of RT at 4 participating centers. By risk group, 26% of patients were categorized as low risk, 43% were categorized as intermediate risk, and 31% were categorized as high risk. The 2 treatment arms were balanced in terms of age, Gleason score, clinical tumor classification, risk group, and presenting prostate-specific antigen level. The median follow-up for the patients who remained alive was 6.6 years (range, 1.6-10.1 years). Of 361 evaluable patients, 290 patients remained alive. Post-RT prostate biopsies were performed between 24 and 30 months after the completion of RT in 3 of the 4 centers. Biopsies that had residual tumor with severe treatment effect were considered indeterminate, and biopsies that had minimal or no treatment effect were considered positive. RESULTS: The 5-year rate of actuarial freedom from any failure for the 3-month arm versus the 8-month arm was 72% versus 75% (P = .18). The DFS for patients who had negative and indeterminate biopsies was similar. Two-year post-treatment biopsy status was a strong predictor of 5-year DFS rate (82% and 83% for negative and indeterminate biopsies, respectively, vs 27% for positive biopsies; P < .0001). Multivariate analysis indicated that biopsy status (P < .0001) and Gleason score (P < .0001) were the strongest determinates of biochemical DFS. CONCLUSIONS: Two-year post-RT prostate biopsies were strongly predictive of subsequent DFS. Biopsies with severe treatment effect were considered negative.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".