The Type III System-Secreted Effector EspZ Localizes to Host Mitochondria and Interacts with the Translocase of Inner Mitochondrial Membrane 17b
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EPEC and EHEC, respectively) are attaching and effacing (A/E) bacterial pathogens that cause severe diarrheal disease worldwide. To cause disease, A/E pathogens require a type III secretion system, which facilitates transport of bacterial effector proteins directly into infected host cells. One of these effector proteins translocated by the type III secretion system, EspZ, is essential for A/E pathogen infection and functions to prevent rapid death of EPEC-infected cells. We further investigated the mechanism of EspZ-mediated protection of infected host cells and found that a severe decrease in host mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ(m)) occurs concurrently with host cell lysis during infection with EPEC lacking EspZ (ΔespZ). It was also demonstrated that EspZ localizes to host cell mitochondria and interacts with the translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 17b (TIM17b). In addition, host cell cytotoxicity was exacerbated in the absence of TIM17b during wild-type (WT) EPEC infection. The findings of this study together provide the first evidence that EspZ localizes to host mitochondria and that TIM17b contributes to protection against rapid cell death during EPEC infection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".