Bibliographic record
Abstract
An investigation into the behaviour of simple beam-to-column connections subjected to combined shear and tension was carried out by testing 108 full-scale specimens, including header angle, knife angle, single angle, and shear tab configurations. Specimens were rotated 0.03 rad, and a prescribed shear between zero and the design shear resistance was held constant while the specimens were loaded in tension to failure. Results showed significant differences in serviceability, ductility, interactions, and ultimate tension strength. Ductility was provided through yielding in bearing at bolt holes, bending of angle legs, and shear yielding of the gross section of connection elements. Tension and shear load versus displacement plots were acquired for all tests because of ductility and serviceability considerations in design. Existing methods of determining connection resistance, including bolt shear, net section shear, and bearing resistance, were used to compare predicted capacity with test results. The findings of the test program indicate that most simple connections can sustain significant amounts of tension in combination with design shear capacity.Key words: beam, connections, shear, tension, experimental, design, steel.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".