Assessing the potential of <i>Arabidopsis halleri</i> ssp. <i>gemmifera</i> as a new cadmium hyperaccumulator grown in hydroponics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arabidopsis halleri ssp. gemmifera is a plant recently found in the heavy metal contaminated areas of Japan, and it contained a significant amount of Cd in its shoots. In this study, the potential of A. halleri ssp. gemmifera to accumulate Cd was investigated using hydroponics. The plants were grown for 21 d after Cd (control, 10, 100 and 400 µM) treatment. No reduction in shoot and root dry weight (DW) was observed when plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing up to 400 µM Cd. Cadmium concentrations in the plant parts increased significantly with Cd application rates, and reached a maximum of about 5641, 6643 and 15 967 µg g-1 in the leaves, stems and roots, respectively, at 400 µM Cd in the nutrient solution. Similarly, maximum Cd accumulation (dry weight × concentration) of 17.7 and 10.8 mg plant-1 in the shoots and roots, respectively, was obtained at 400 µM Cd. The ratio of shoot Cd/root Cd decreased with increasing rates of Cd supply from 1.8 at 10 µ M to 0.40 at 400 µM. Cadmium translocation from root to shoot ranged from 61 to 89% of the total Cd, showing a very high mobility of Cd in plants. The outcomes of this study and the field and greenhouse data previously reported confirm that this plant is a suitable candidate for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils. Furthermore, the concentration of Cd measured in the shoot indicates that A. halleri ssp. gemmifera could be considered a new potential Cd hyperaccumulator plant species. Key words: Cadmium, hyperaccumulator, hydroponics, phytoremediation, tolerance
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".