Partitioning of <sup>127</sup>I and <sup>129</sup>I in an unconfined glaciofluvial aquifer on the Canadian shield
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary At AECL – Chalk River Laboratories, Ontario, Canada solid, low-level radioactive wastes from industrial, academic and medical applications have been stored in trenches above unconsolidated sandy glacial tills and permeable very-fine to fine-grained sands overlying crystalline bedrock. The sandy aquifer system drains into a swamp comprised of approximately 3 m of sphagnum peat. A comprehensive field and analytical program, involving measurements of total iodine, 129 I, tritium, 14 C and 13 C/ 12 C ratios in groundwater and geologic materials (sands and peats), was initiated at this site to examine the partitioning of 127 I and 129 I amongst the various reservoirs in this system and the controlling factors. The maximum iodine concentration and 129 I inside the groundwater contaminant plume at the recharge and discharge sites were 67.0 ng/ml and ∼8.3 × 10 11 atoms/liter, and 32.4 ng/ml and ∼2.9 × 10 11 atoms/liter, respectively, with positive correlations between iodine, 14 C (0.82), and tritium (0.87). Maximum total iodine concentrations for in-plume, recharge-site sands and discharge-site peats were 190.1 µg/kg and 14100 µg/kg, respectively. 129 I analyses on these same samples showed concentrations of 2.3 × 10 7 and 6.4 × 10 9 atoms/g of soil, respectively. K D values (concentration on porous medium/concentration in co-existing water) calculated from the contaminant plume data for 127 I and 129 I were 1.3 and 1.6 l/kg, respectively, at the recharge site and 486 and 93 l/kg, respectively, at the discharge area, indicating that both stable and radio-iodine are preferentially sorbed to the organic rich, aquifer materials at the discharge sites. Incremental leach experiments on these same geologic materials have borne out these differences, with 127 I being more strongly sorbed than 129 I, probably as the result of kinetically controlled sorption mechanisms and the differing residence times of stable and radio-iodine in this hydrologic regime.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it