Substorm dynamics revealed by ground observations of two-dimensional auroral structures on 9 October 2000
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. Multi-instrument observations of a small substorm event on 9 October 2000 provide, with high time resolution, two-dimensional information about substorm dynamics. A sequence of three optical intensifications, each associated with a Pi2 burst, were found, in which the third auroral intensification marked the onset of a small substorm. All three intensifications originated close to midnight, but evolved progressively eastward. Within each of the three optical intensifications, a few azimuthally-spaced patches appeared, the first one near midnight and the subsequent patches successively eastward in the postmidnight sector, providing evidence for drift wave activity in the near-geosynchronous-orbit plasma sheet (NGOPS). The SuperDARN measurements reveal the development of eastward electric fields at NGOPS latitude within each Pi2 burst interval. These observations can be interpreted as supporting the drift-Alfvén-ballooning (DAB) mode instability and its role in substorm expansion at NGOPS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".