Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Promotes Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Migration to the Ischemic Myocardium via Upregulation of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1α
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the host myocardium on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) migration to the ischemic myocardium and whether stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha) contributes to eNOS-mediated MSC migration. MSCs and coronary microvascular endothelial cells were isolated from adult wild-type (WT) mouse bone marrow and hearts, respectively. Cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes from WT, eNOS(-/-), and eNOS overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice were subjected to anoxia and reoxygenation (A/R), and the conditioned medium was used as a chemoattractant for in vitro transendothelial migration assay. MSC migration was decreased in the presence of conditioned medium derived from eNOS(-/-) cardiomyocytes but increased in the presence of eNOS-Tg conditioned medium. SDF-1alpha expression was decreased in eNOS(-/-) but increased in eNOS-Tg cardiomyocytes following A/R and in the myocardium following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). SDF-1alpha expression was cGMP-dependent as inhibition of soluble guanylyl cyclase decreased SDF-1alpha expression in WT cardiomyocytes. MSCs expressed very low levels of eNOS proteins compared with the adult myocardium. To examine MSC migration in vivo, MSCs derived from mice expressing enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP(+)) were intravenously administered to WT mice subjected to myocardial I/R. EGFP(+) cells in the ischemic region were decreased in eNOS(-/-) but increased in eNOS-Tg compared with WT hearts. MSC treatment improved cardiac function following I/R in WT but not in eNOS(-/-) mice. In conclusion, eNOS in the host myocardium promotes MSC migration to the ischemic myocardium and improves cardiac function through cGMP-dependent increases in SDF-1alpha expression.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".