Coke Formation over a Nickel Catalyst under Methane Dry Reforming Conditions: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Models
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The CO 2 reforming of methane is studied over a 20 wt % Ni/USY-zeolite, and more specifically, a thermodynamic analysis of the formation of coke is used as a basis for the kinetic modeling of coke phenomena that exist under dry reforming conditions. Two thermodynamic parameters, α and β, are compared to the equilibrium constants for the CH 4 decomposition and the CO disproportionation reactions and defined to determine whether coke formation is favored. This thermodynamic analysis elucidates the significance of the CO disproportionation reaction on the amount of coke deposited over the catalyst under consideration. A kinetic model with negative overall order of one, with respect to the partial pressure of carbon monoxide, is found as the most accurate prediction of the rate of coke formation. This type of kinetics strongly suggests the requirement of three adjacent free catalyst sites for the coking reaction to proceed under allowable thermodynamic conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".