Bio-oil from Sawdust: Pyrolysis of Sawdust in a Fixed-Bed System
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sawdust was pyrolyzed in a fixed-bed tubular reactor. The roles of the pyrolysis temperature, sweep gas flow rate, condensation temperature, and heating rate in the yields of the products were investigated. The obtained char, gas, and bio-oil yields ranged between 20 and 27, 36 and 45, and 33 and 45 wt %, respectively, at different pyrolysis conditions. According to the results obtained under the conditions of this study, the effects of the pyrolysis temperature, sweep gas flow rate, and heating rate on the yields are more significant than the effect of the condensation temperature. The chemical characteristics of the pyrolysis bio-oil and char obtained under optimal operational conditions were identified by elemental and calorific analyses. The bio-oil was analyzed using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it