Pheromone 3kPZS evokes context‐dependent serotonin sexual dimorphism in the brain of the sea lamprey (<i>Petromyzon marinus</i>)
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mature male sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) release a sex pheromone, 3-keto-petromyzonol sulfate (3kPZS), that induces sexually dimorphic behavioral responses in conspecifics. However, the neural mechanism of such responses is mostly unknown. We examined the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and the expression of 5-HT1A receptors in the forebrain and brainstem of sea lamprey exposed to the vehicle (0.91 ppm methanol) or 10(-10) M 3kPZS for 2 h using high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Exposure to 3kPZS for 2 h increased 5-HT concentration in the forebrain of adult females, whereas 5-HT was not detected in the forebrain of adult males. On the contrary, 3kPZS exposure decreased 5-HT concentration in the brainstem of adult females and had no effect in adult males. Pheromone exposure evoked context-dependent sexual dimorphism in brain 5-HT1A receptor immunoreactivity, but had no effect on 5-HT1A mRNA concentrations in the brain with 2 h exposure time. It appears that in sea lamprey pheromone 3kPZS affects the 5-HT system in the brain in a context-dependent, sexually dimorphic manner.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it