Short-Term Nitrogen Leaching Potential Of Fresh and Composted Beef Cattle Manure Applied to Disturbed Soil Cores
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although fresh beef cattle (Bos taurus) manure has traditionally been applied to cropland in southern Alberta, there has been a recent increase in application of composted manure to cropland in this region. Nitrogen leaching from fresh manure (FM) versus composted (CM) beef cattle manure application has not been investigated in this region. Our objective was to compare short-term (# 23 d) N leaching potential of NO3 -N and NH4 -N under increasing rates (0, 13, 39, 77 Mg ha−1 dry wt.) of FM and CM applied to a clay loam soil under uniform soil and simulated environmental conditions. Amendments were applied and incorporated into repacked 15-cm soil (surface Ah horizon) cores, incubated for 15 d, and then leached under constant-head and saturated conditions in the laboratory. An unamended control (CON) was also used. Leaching potential of NO3-N and NH4-N depended on how the N leaching variable was expressed: peak concentration vs flow-weighted mean concentration (FWMC) vs mass loss vs recovery in leachate. Peak concentrations of NO3-N were at least 90% greater for CM (125.8 mg L−1) than FM (66.3 mg L−1) and the CON (60.5 mg L−1) treatments. The FWMC of NO3-N was significantly (P # 0.05) greater for CM (21.0 mg L1) than FM (16.3 mg L−1). Recovery of NO3-N in leachate as a percentage of total N applied was significantly greater for CM (4.7%) than FM (0.8%). Peak concentrations of NH4-N, FWMC of NH4-N, mass loss of NO3 and NH4, and recovery of NH4, were similar between FM and CM. These results suggest that short-term N leaching potential of CM was greater than FM for peak concentration, FWMC, and recovery of NO3-N.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".