Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores Epistula 36 of Innocent I, bishop of Rome in the first quarter of the fifth century, one of the earliest known ecclesial decisions on the validity of a marriage, which was upheld in this instance. By asking questions about the relationship of the recipient of the letter to the parties involved, why Innocent intervened, and the civil implications of a spousal abduction by a foreign enemy we gain insight into a crucial stage of the Christianisation of marriage. It is argued that Innocent wrote to Probus probably because he was personally connected with the couple, that Innocent rejected the Roman law on the dissolution of marriage due to abduction and enslavement, and that his decision, which had only ecclesial and not civil effect, marks an important moment in church-state relations. The reference to divorce should be taken as a simple statement that this Roman practice was not relevant here as it was not a case of the Matthean exception.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.015 | 0.054 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.059 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.013 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".