Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Suppression of hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis with vitamin E is associated with reductions in oxidative stress without reductions in serum lipids. The objectives of this study were to determine if (1) vitamin E regresses hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis; and (2) regression is associated with reductions in serum lipids and aortic oxidative stress. METHODS AND RESULTS: The studies were conducted in 4 groups of rabbits: group I, control, regular diet (2 months); group II, 0.25% cholesterol diet (2 months); group III, 0.25% cholesterol diet (2 months) followed by regular diet (2 months); and group IV, 0.25% cholesterol diet (2 months) followed by regular diet with vitamin E (40 mg/kg body weight/day) (2 months). Blood samples were collected monthly for the measurement of serum lipids and oxidative stress (chemiluminescent activity of white blood cells [WBC-CL]). Aortas were removed at the end of the protocol for assessment of atherosclerotic lesions, and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde [MDA] and CL). Increases in serum lipids in group II were associated with an increase in oxidative stress and development of atherosclerosis. Serum lipids decreased to a similar extent in groups III and IV but the atherosclerotic lesions increased by 63% and 141% compared to group II. Acceleration of atherosclerosis in the rabbits on regular diet with or without vitamin E was associated with practically no change in the oxidative stress. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that (1) regular diet following a high-cholesterol diet decreased oxidative stress but did not induce regression of atherosclerosis; (2) vitamin E did not produce regression; and (3) regular diet with vitamin E following a high-cholesterol diet was not associated with an increase in oxidative stress but produced acceleration of atherosclerosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".